While working over most of the operating systems today, no program can
access a file directly. This is in order to allow the Operaring System
to apply user rights.
Before you can read from a file you have to ask the Operating System to "open"
it for you. When opening a file you provide a variable that will become your
handle to the opened file. It is called a filehandle.
my $filename = "input.txt";
open(my $fh, "<", $filename);
close $fh;
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